Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||
Earnings: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) before equity in income of unconsolidated entities and income taxes | $ | 64,659 | $ | (26,419 | ) | $ | 120,812 | $ | 34,590 | $ | 36,704 | |||||||||
Gain on sales of real estate | 9,890 | 40,986 | 68,047 | 10,671 | 9,016 | |||||||||||||||
Combined fixed charges and preferred share dividends (from below) | 89,737 | 104,541 | 111,737 | 115,842 | 120,307 | |||||||||||||||
Amortization of capitalized interest | 2,631 | 2,715 | 2,591 | 2,374 | 1,977 | |||||||||||||||
Distributed income of equity investees | 1,496 | 732 | 361 | 225 | 1,857 | |||||||||||||||
Subtract: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Capitalized interest (from below) | (5,229 | ) | (5,723 | ) | (7,151 | ) | (6,065 | ) | (8,785 | ) | ||||||||||
Preferred share dividends included in fixed charges | (6,219 | ) | (14,297 | ) | (14,210 | ) | (15,939 | ) | (19,971 | ) | ||||||||||
Preferred unit distributions included in fixed charges | (660 | ) | (660 | ) | (660 | ) | (660 | ) | (660 | ) | ||||||||||
Preferred distributions of other consolidated entities | (16 | ) | (16 | ) | (16 | ) | (16 | ) | (16 | ) | ||||||||||
Total earnings | $ | 156,289 | $ | 101,859 | $ | 281,511 | $ | 141,022 | $ | 140,429 | ||||||||||
Combined Fixed Charges and Preferred Share Dividends: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Combined fixed charges and preferred share dividends: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense on continuing operations | $ | 76,983 | $ | 83,163 | $ | 89,074 | $ | 92,393 | $ | 82,010 | ||||||||||
Interest expense on discontinued operations | — | — | — | — | 8,221 | |||||||||||||||
Capitalized interest (internal and external) | 5,229 | 5,723 | 7,151 | 6,065 | 8,785 | |||||||||||||||
Amortization of debt issuance costs-capitalized | — | — | 8 | 186 | 144 | |||||||||||||||
Interest included in rental expense | 630 | 682 | 618 | 583 | 500 | |||||||||||||||
Preferred share dividends | 6,219 | 14,297 | 14,210 | 15,939 | 19,971 | |||||||||||||||
Preferred unit distributions | 660 | 660 | 660 | 660 | 660 | |||||||||||||||
Preferred distributions of other consolidated entities | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | |||||||||||||||
Total combined fixed charges and preferred share dividends | $ | 89,737 | $ | 104,541 | $ | 111,737 | $ | 115,842 | $ | 120,307 | ||||||||||
Ratio of earnings to combined fixed charges and preferred share dividends | 1.74 | 0.97 | 2.52 | 1.22 | 1.17 | |||||||||||||||
Deficiency | $ | 2,682 |