Share-Based Compensation |
3 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Mar. 31, 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-Based Compensation |
Share-Based Compensation
Restricted Shares
During the three months ended March 31, 2019, certain employees were granted a total of 135,396 restricted common shares with an aggregate grant date fair value of $3.5 million ($25.81 per share). Restricted shares granted to employees vest based on increments and over periods of time set forth under the terms of the respective awards provided that the employee remains employed by us. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, forfeiture restrictions lapsed on 151,252 previously issued common shares; these shares had a weighted average grant date fair value of $27.94 per share, and the aggregate intrinsic value of the shares on the vesting dates was $3.9 million.
Performance Share Awards (“PSUs”)
We issued 44,757 common shares on January 18, 2019 to executives in settlement of PSUs granted in 2016, representing 157% of the target award for those PSUs.
PIUs
Commencing in 2019, we offered our executives the opportunity to select PIUs as a form of long-term compensation in lieu of, or in combination with, other forms of share-based compensation awards (restricted shares and PSUs). PIUs are a special class of common unit structured to qualify as “profit interests” for tax purposes. Our executives selected PIUs as their form of share-based compensation for their 2019 grants. We granted the executives two forms of PIUs: time-based PIUs (“TB-PIUs”); and performance-based PIUs (“PB-PIUs”). TB-PIUs are subject to forfeiture restrictions until the end of the requisite service period, at which time the TB-PIUs automatically convert into vested PIUs. PB-PIUs are subject to a market condition in that the number of earned awards are determined at the end of the performance period (as described further below) and then settled in vested PIUs. Vested PIUs carry substantially the same rights to redemption and distributions as non-PIU common units.
TB-PIUs
During the three months ended March 31, 2019, our executives were granted a total of 54,956 TB-PIUs with an aggregate grant date fair value of $1.4 million ($25.81 per TB-PIU). TB-PIUs granted to executives vest in equal one-third increments over a three-year period beginning on the first anniversary of the date of grant. Prior to vesting, TB-PIUs carry substantially the same rights to distributions as non-PIU common units but carry no redemption rights.
PB-PIUs
On January 1, 2019, we granted our executives 193,682 PB-PIUs with a three-year performance period concluding on the earlier of December 31, 2021 or the date of: (1) termination by us without cause, death or disability of the executive or constructive discharge of the executive (collectively, “qualified termination”); or (2) a sale event. The number of earned awards at the end of the performance period will be determined based on the percentile rank of COPT’s total shareholder return relative to a peer group of companies, as set forth in the following schedule:
If the percentile rank exceeds the 25th percentile and is between two of the percentile ranks set forth in the table above, then the percentage of the earned awards will be interpolated between the ranges set forth in the table above to reflect any performance between the listed percentiles. During the performance period, PB-PIUs carry rights to distributions equal to 10% of the distribution rights of non-PIU common units but carry no redemption rights.
At the end of the performance period, we will settle the award by issuing vested PIUs equal to the number of earned awards in settlement of the award plan and paying cash equal to the excess, if any, of: the aggregate distributions that would have been paid with respect to vested PIUs issued in settlement of the earned awards through the date of settlement had such vested PIUs been issued on the grant date; over the aggregate distributions made on the PB-PIUs during the performance period. If a performance period ends due to a sale event or qualified termination, the number of earned awards is prorated based on the portion of the three-year performance period that has elapsed. If employment is terminated by the employee or by us for cause, all PB-PIUs are forfeited.
These PB-PIUs had an aggregate grant date fair value of $2.4 million ($12.47 per PB-PIU) which is being recognized over the performance period. The grant date fair value was computed using a Monte Carlo model that included the following assumptions: baseline common share value of $21.03; expected volatility for common shares of 21.0%; and a risk-free interest rate of 2.51%.
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